{"id":7324,"date":"2026-06-05T11:46:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T03:46:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/?p=7324"},"modified":"2026-06-10T11:42:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T03:42:57","slug":"thoi-gian-chu-ky-san-xuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/vi-vn\/cycle-time-manufacturing","title":{"rendered":"Chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: T\u1ea1i sao th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng giao h\u00e0ng cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n giao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/a><\/strong> Chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y r\u1ea5t nhanh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam v\u00e0o... 10 gi\u00e2y<\/strong> m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ea1o ra g\u1ea7n Th\u00eam 2,7 gi\u1edd<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 1.000 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Trong su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPI t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u: t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, tr\u1ea1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/a><\/strong> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00f3 \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi... th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong> v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi \u1edf c\u1ea5p ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 \u201ctheo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>\u201dB\u1edfi v\u00ec con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh gi\u1edd, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ba th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1c nhau trong ba b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau: M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trong quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u?<\/strong> Ho\u1eb7c ho<\/strong><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh?<\/strong> \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 sau khi nh\u00f3m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPI d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u00e0i n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1edd xe n\u00e2ng di chuy\u1ec3n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t giao h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 k\u00e9m v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn... th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/a><\/strong> v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng<\/strong>, H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhanh h\u01a1n trong khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/a><\/strong> v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong>, H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p, ngay c\u1ea3 khi d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u<\/th>N\u00f3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/th>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\/D\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3<\/th>L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/td>Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c.<\/td>T\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/td>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i hay x\u1eed l\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/td><\/tr>
Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/td>C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/td>Th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng \u00f7 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/td>L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td>Coi th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 (takt time) nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/td><\/tr>
Th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi giao h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/td>\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn\/giao cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/td>D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/td>Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr>
Th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft di chuy\u1ec3n trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/td>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n WIP<\/td>Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay<\/td><\/tr>
Th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y m\u00f3c<\/strong><\/td>C\u1ed7 m\u00e1y th\u1eddi gian \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3.<\/td>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eebng<\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 <\/strong>V\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 (takt time) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tinh g\u1ecdn. Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u, trong khi th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (cycle time) cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau; c\u00e1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 (takt time) l\u00e0 50 gi\u00e2y\/\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 62 gi\u00e2y, d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u00eam gi\u1edd, t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 40 gi\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eeba, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang (WIP) cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u ti\u1ebfp theo. V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd, th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y m\u00f3c: Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng<\/strong> r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong> v\u00ec n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian tr\u00f4i qua xung quanh l\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang thao t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh. Th\u1eddi gian th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong> Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y m\u00f3c<\/strong> N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111o th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y d\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y l\u00e0 18 gi\u00e2y, trong khi th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 30 gi\u00e2y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t 6 gi\u1edd th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n gia c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3 ng\u00e0y v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, gom l\u00f4 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang m\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n giao ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng b\u00ean kia \u0111ang hi\u1ec3u sai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd n\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac cho m\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1. Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/a>, B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xem x\u00e9t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111o m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, hay t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trung b\u00ecnh<\/strong> Chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t = T\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f7 S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ednh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong 420 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 210 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 2 ph\u00fat\/\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5p cao, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hai l\u1ea7n d\u1eebng ng\u1eafn, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1eadm, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh v\u1eabn hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 2 ph\u00fat\/\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9: c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda: Phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng gia c\u00f4ng CNC<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 500 th\u00e2n van nh\u00f4m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m gia c\u00f4ng CNC. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i chi ti\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd n\u1ea1p ph\u00f4i th\u00f4, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chu tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1edd gia c\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, d\u1ee1 chi ti\u1ebft ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, nh\u00f3m c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. Con s\u1ed1 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3, trong khi s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh: M\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 quan s\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n