{"id":9085,"date":"2026-08-10T10:08:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T02:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/?p=9085"},"modified":"2026-08-14T16:08:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T08:08:39","slug":"phan-tich-he-thong-do-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/vi-vn\/measurement-system-analysis","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (MSA): Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o (Gage R&R)."},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: T\u1ea1i sao Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng (MSA) l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean quy tr\u00ecnh quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 10% \u0111\u1ebfn 30% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/strong>, Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o sai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (MSA)<\/a><\/strong> Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi sai s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, MSA \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed \u1ea9n do l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i sai, b\u1ecf s\u00f3t khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch. SPC<\/a><\/strong> ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Cpk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec, n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Gage R&R n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 MSA r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u n\u0103m thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a MSA, c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>MSA x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

MSA<\/a><\/strong> Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (MSA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xem quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chi ti\u1ebft, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. MSA trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec5u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/a><\/strong>, B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (MSA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c bao qu\u00e1t, trong khi \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o (Gage R&R) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p MSA to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng, li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1eddi gian hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>V\u00ec sao sai s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fd do MSA \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec t\u00f2 m\u00f2; h\u1ecd \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i hai sai l\u1ea7m t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m: cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0o kho ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t. Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i, t\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y r\u1ee7i ro cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc trong ng\u00e0nh \u00f4 t\u00f4, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o l\u1ed7 khoan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu dung sai c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi dung sai \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 SPC v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n do c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd tr\u00f4ng t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>L\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed so v\u1edbi l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

MSA<\/a><\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh: l\u1ed7i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/strong> V\u00e0 l\u1ed7i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n<\/strong>. Sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, trong khi sai s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111o l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh tham chi\u1ebfu, trong khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p g\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n 0,03 mm, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao Gage R&R tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>N\u0103m \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a MSA: \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch, t\u00ednh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a MSA<\/a><\/strong>, N\u0103m \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o (Gage R&R). M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1i tr\u00f4ng y\u1ebfu v\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (MSA) trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sai s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. N\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00e1 cao hay qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ki\u1ec3m tra momen xo\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n momen xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn 10,00 N\u00b7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 10,18 N\u00b7m, th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 sai s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf qua sai s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o momen xo\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y si\u1ebft qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c si\u1ebft ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1eb7t trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>T\u00ednh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch c\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111o hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i k\u00e9m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o chi\u1ec1u cao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 20 mm nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n \u1edf 150 mm. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian khi \u0111o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham chi\u1ebfu hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i l\u1ec7ch do hao m\u00f2n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 pin ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f4m nay, tu\u1ea7n t\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p c\u1ea7m tay d\u00f9ng trong ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o ca s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1ea7n sau v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf s\u00f3t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u sai ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o \u0111ang b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch. T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy v\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean khi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong> \u0110o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o (Gage R&R), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i do \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi g\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Sai s\u1ed1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c \u0111o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o chi\u1ec1u cao m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh linh ki\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m tra, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 sai s\u1ed1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 sai s\u1ed1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R (\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o).<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Trong m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng van ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong l\u00e0 25.000 \u00b1 0.020 mm. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 "ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o" n\u00f3i chung, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn xem h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111o, hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e1y \u0111o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay v\u00ec s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea1m vi quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u00e2m th\u1ea7m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn 10 chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cao c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 10 chi ti\u1ebft g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n, tr\u1eeb khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tham chi\u1ebfu. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0... MSA<\/a><\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t sao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1edfng ca v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m thu v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh quy tr\u00ecnh. Tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00e9o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 10 ph\u1ea7n, 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/strong> m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 90 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc<\/strong>. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111o t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u1ecfi t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Quy<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean h\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean h\u00f3a<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh A \u0111o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u1ed1ng van, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o ti\u1ebfp theo ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 hay ch\u01b0a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c che gi\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y coi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. C\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng, h\u00e3y d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ghi l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ecdi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c "s\u1eeda" c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ghi l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o, l\u1ea7n \u0111o n\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh tranh c\u00e3i sau n\u00e0y khi nh\u00f3m xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Gage R&R v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong MSA<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc GRR nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 10 chi ti\u1ebft, 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 3 l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau: GRR = 22%<\/strong>, \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec5u cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 dung sai ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quy tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t\/kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t mang nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc chung kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: d\u01b0\u1edbi 10% th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, t\u1eeb 10% \u0111\u1ebfn 30% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 30% th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng PPAP<\/a><\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 dung sai h\u1eb9p, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 22% t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 khoan an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, nh\u00f3m n\u00ean c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ec3m tra. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, r\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 GRR cho bi\u1ebft quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng, t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong khi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch GRR v\u00e0 NDC c\u00f9ng nhau<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc GRR m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00eam. NDC<\/strong>, NDC (Net Destruction Index) l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau. NDC cho th\u1ea5y li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu \u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng; tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, NDC n\u00ean \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 5, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m th\u00edch 10 tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 NDC = 3, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GRR trung b\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi NDC y\u1ebfu cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec5u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t khi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u00e9m<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn 10 l\u1ed7 khoan g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f4ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 NDC. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n dung sai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec k\u00e9m<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00f2n, tr\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o micromet, th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh MSA<\/a><\/strong>, X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c xem c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i l\u1eadp s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch. B\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u00ec v\u1eady ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c MSA v\u1edbi Jodoo<\/a><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/strong> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 h\u1eefu \u00edch khi n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, logic t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy v\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo PPAP, IATF 16949 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R c\u00f3 t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0: tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng SPC ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3m tra, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u n\u0103m \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a MSA, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gage R&R m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 theo c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh MSA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, Jodoo<\/a><\/strong> cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu MSA k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, thu th\u1eadp s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. GRR<\/strong> V\u00e0 NDC<\/strong> T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a MSA m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3... b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch d\u00f9ng th\u1eed<\/a><\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c MSA.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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