{"id":9284,"date":"2026-08-14T11:52:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-14T03:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/?p=9284"},"modified":"2026-08-17T10:36:35","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T02:36:35","slug":"dang-trong-qua-trinh-thuc-hien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jodoo.com\/blog\/vi-vn\/work-in-process","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch... 50% tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/strong>, Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 v\u00ec nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (WIP)<\/a><\/strong> Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft, h\u00e0n, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd (WIP), v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng?<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (WIP), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tinh g\u1ecdn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho n\u00e0y. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed3n kho th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m (WIP) bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i t\u00edch t\u1ee5 WIP d\u01b0 th\u1eeba.<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/strong> H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed n\u1eb1m trong h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (WIP): v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong>, V\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung<\/strong>. T\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft gia c\u00f4ng \u0111ang ch\u1edd l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) \u0111ang ch\u1edd ki\u1ec3m tra, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fac \u0111ang ch\u1edd c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, WIP ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a trong kho ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n th\u00e9p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong kho. H\u00e0ng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u0103ng th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eddi gian lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>V\u00ec sao h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang (WIP) l\u1ea1i t\u00edch t\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u?<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5<\/strong>. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u1edf kh\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf kh\u00e2u sau. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 5.000 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y, trong khi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd 1.500 chi\u1ebfc m\u1ed7i ca, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang (WIP) d\u01b0 th\u1eeba tr\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>. Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea3nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p v\u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng d\u1edf dang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, che gi\u1ea5u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> V\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eef<\/strong> c\u0169ng b\u01a1m h\u01a1i \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/strong> Nhanh ch\u00f3ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y CNC quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong s\u00e1u gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf kh\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1eeb khi vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1edd s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i, xem x\u00e9t l\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m trong danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1edf dang l\u00e2u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m<\/strong> Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m; n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c leo thang nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c WIP c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:
H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 + Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2013 Gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t = H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3<\/strong>.
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111ang ch\u1edd, \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 $85.000, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 $420.000, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb linh ki\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 $390.000. H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 $115.000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thu th\u1eadp<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh trong k\u1ef3, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5. Th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m sang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c v\u1ecf m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft, khoan, m\u00e0i c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 khoan nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang ch\u1edd m\u00e0i c\u1ea1nh, trong khi nh\u1eefng l\u00f4 kh\u00e1c \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb WIP cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 $115,000 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sai s\u00f3t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. Nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn mu\u1ed9n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong kho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp gi\u1eefa h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 coi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111ang m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 nhau. M\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n 30% nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u WIP (Work in Progress - t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn chi ph\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trong khi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y sang kh\u00e2u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang (WIP) t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang m\u1edf theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u WIP c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m an to\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3. Khi c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft, gia c\u00f4ng, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean thay v\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ngay c\u1ea3 khi th\u1eddi gian thao t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai<\/strong> Kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c pallet ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 do m\u00e1y \u00e9p, bu\u1ed3ng s\u01a1n, tr\u1ea1m ki\u1ec3m tra hay do th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u00e2y c\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, trong khi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00ec kh\u00e2u ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho cao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong khi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>T\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m d\u01b0 th\u1eeba g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (WIP) qu\u00e1 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh s\u1edbm c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt t\u01b0 d\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thay v\u00ec tu\u00e2n theo danh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ec5 h\u1ea1n giao h\u00e0ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang cao th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Trong m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1eaft laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u201chi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u201d, trong khi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn u\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a hai ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua h\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho t\u0103ng l\u00ean, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111ang b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang d\u01b0 th\u1eeba l\u00e0m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1edd c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a><\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cam k\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh doanh thu giao h\u00e0ng. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean kho s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho do chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng gian, x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u kho h\u00e0ng n\u0103m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean t\u1edbi... 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 30%<\/strong> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang cao s\u1ebd l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 chi ph\u00ed chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng, ch\u1edd l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n th\u00eam nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0110ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> Sau b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i c\u1eaft laser, u\u1ed1n, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ch\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd, di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ngay khi nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean n\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 240 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1ed7i ca, vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 400 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u c\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f9n t\u1eafc \u1edf kh\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00f4 ti\u1ebfp theo khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f9n t\u1eafc \u1edf kh\u00e2u sau gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>\u0110\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n WIP theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc quy tr\u00ecnh<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (WIP) gi\u00fap minh b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f9n t\u1eafc tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, pallet ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n, \u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c b\u01b0\u1edbc quy tr\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi ph\u1ea1m trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n giao ca. Trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf 6 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang m\u1edf, h\u00e0n \u1edf 4 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c nhu c\u1ea7u 2 ng\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf kh\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c theo l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh thay v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Infographic<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng, th\u1ebb s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c danh s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (WIP) hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>Gi\u1ea3m quy m\u00f4 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo l\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb l\u00f4 200 chi ti\u1ebft xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 50 chi ti\u1ebft cho ph\u00e9p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo l\u00f4 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m chi ti\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau c\u00f9ng nhau v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi Jodoo<\/a><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

WIP (Work in Progress - t\u1ed3n kho \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u00ean t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau: \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng WIP m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. Khi WIP qu\u00e1 cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (WIP) t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb. V\u1edbi Jodoo<\/a><\/strong>, Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf phi\u1ebfu theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ee7i ro giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Kh\u00e1i<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec Jodoo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t WIP m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. MES<\/a><\/strong> ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i tu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ERP. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n WIP (Work in Progress - c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t WIP ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian tri\u1ec3n khai nhanh h\u01a1n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch d\u00f9ng th\u1eed<\/a><\/strong> V\u1edbi Jodoo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho d\u1edf dang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tinh g\u1ecdn. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Jodoo. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ngay.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9334,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solutions"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nWork in Process Inventory: How to Calculate and Reduce It in Manufacturing - Jodoo Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to calculate work in process and reduce WIP with lean controls. 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