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实施指南

建立人员能够长期准确维护的实验室库存流程

在导入清单或配置软件前，先定义记录、变动、库存状态、责任归属、异常规则和日常视图。

本指南侧重日常库存控制。化学品安全、受监管记录保存、采购、财务核算和验证要求需由符合资质的人员根据实际环境进行审核。

查看实验室库存示例下载实验室模板

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样品追踪模板与可用应用从这里开始： 样品追踪模板与可用应用
01

导入数据前，先统一身份和控制字段

仅有干净的物料清单还不够。实验室用户通常选择的是可用供应商批号，而不是抽象的目录物料。应明确哪些字段属于物料、批次、存储位置和每项交易。

  • Item：Define item code, name, stock category, standard unit, owner, approved suppliers, and any category-specific fields that remain stable across lots.
  • Lot：Define supplier lot, local record number, received quantity, current quantity, opened date, expiry, certificate, restriction, availability state, and evidence.
  • Location：Define the rooms, cabinets, refrigerators, freezers, shelves, and controlled zones people will actually select and maintain.
  • Transaction：Define receipt, issue, adjustment, return, and disposal. Each transaction needs quantity, time, person, lot, reason, and related work when relevant.
02

让每个状态都能回答一个实际问题

避免使用启用、停用之类含糊值。用户需要知道批次能否使用、为何不能使用、谁负责下一步，以及什么事件会改变状态。

  • Available：The lot is present, within the permitted date and storage conditions, and not subject to an unresolved restriction.
  • Low stock：The quantity is at or below the local replenishment point. Keep the item, lot, quantity, owner, and planned response visible.
  • Expiring soon：The expiry or approved-use window is inside the planning period. The owner decides whether to schedule use, replace, return, or dispose.
  • On hold：A certificate, condition, discrepancy, investigation, or other restriction prevents normal use until a documented decision.
  • Expired or consumed：The lot is not available for new work. Retain the record and movement history rather than deleting it from the system.
03

保持常用路径简短，并明确异常路径

库存准确性取决于人员何时记录变动。应让接收和领用流程足够简便，以便在工作现场使用，同时清晰处理差异、暂缓使用和改正。

  • Receive：Confirm the item, supplier lot, quantity, unit, storage, expiry, evidence, and initial availability before shelving the material.
  • Store and open：Record the location and storage condition. Add the opened date or changed stability window when it affects usability.
  • Issue：Record the quantity used, lot, time, person, and sample or assignment context. Choose FEFO when expiry should drive selection, FIFO when receipt order is appropriate, or a documented manual choice when restrictions override both.
  • Reconcile：Investigate a difference, record the reason, obtain the required review, and use an adjustment transaction instead of silently changing the balance.
  • Replenish or dispose：Use low-stock, expiry, hold, and upcoming-work views to create an owned response before the material interrupts work.
04

为每个角色构建开始工作时需要打开的界面

仪表板不能取代登记表，登记表也不应迫使每个角色浏览全部字段。应将摘要信号与可打开底层记录的详细列表结合。

  • What can be used now?：Show available lots by item, location, quantity, expiry, opened date, and restriction.
  • What could interrupt work?：Show low stock, expiring material, held lots, unresolved discrepancies, and the scheduled samples or assignments affected.
  • Why did the balance change?：Show receipts, issues, adjustments, returns, and disposal by lot, date, person, reason, and related work.
  • What needs an owner?：Show replenishment, restriction review, expiry action, discrepancy investigation, location correction, and overdue follow-up.
05

不要把电子表格中的所有问题一起导入新应用

库存迁移既是文件导入，也是一次业务审核。团队应统一哪些记录有效、哪些单位正确、哪些批次可用，以及未解决差异由谁负责。

  • Normalize identifiers：Choose one item code, one supplier-lot format, and one local lot record per usable lot. Keep legacy references in a separate field when they still help users.
  • Confirm quantities and units：Count or reconcile the opening balance, remove mixed units from numeric cells, and document any conversion rule outside the imported quantity.
  • Verify dates and availability：Check expiry, opened date, received date, hold reason, and availability rather than assuming every row in the old file is usable.
  • Load a pilot set first：Import a controlled set of high-risk or frequently used items, run the daily processes, correct the model, and then expand.
06

通过责任归属、审核和指标防止数据逐渐失真

只有当人员清楚谁负责物料设置、批次接收、库存变动、差异审核、补货以及字段或工作流调整时，应用才能保持实用。

  • Assign data ownership：Name the people who create item records, receive lots, change availability, approve corrections, and retire values that should no longer be selected.
  • Review exceptions regularly：Use a recurring queue for negative or unexplained balances, held material, past-due actions, upcoming expiry, and lots without a valid location.
  • Change the app carefully：Let a trained administrator add categories, fields, rules, alerts, and views, then retest affected forms and automations before staff rely on them.
  • Measure operating health：Track stockouts affecting work, lots below reorder point, expiring or discarded quantity, held-lot age, adjustment frequency, transaction delay, and avoidable expiry waste.
  • Schedule cycle counts：Count high-risk, high-use, or discrepancy-prone locations more often. Record the observed balance, variance, reason, corrective transaction, reviewer, and next count date.
  • Connect the purchasing handoff：When stock reaches its reorder point or safety stock, send the item, usable balance, open demand, supplier, lead time, requested quantity, and owner to purchasing instead of copying an alert into email.
库存控制检查

配置视图前，先明确要回答的库存问题

将物料身份、批次事实、库存变动、可用性和补货决定彼此区分。

控制问题必需记录失效信号
这是什么物料？物料、供应商批号、单位、存储和使用限制不同批次被合并为一个余额
什么改变了数量？入库、领用、调整、处置和关联编号余额发生变化，却没有可追溯的事件
此批次可以使用吗？可用状态、有效期、暂缓使用原因和审核人暂缓使用或过期库存仍显示为可用
哪些事项需要处理？补货点、需求背景、负责人和截止日期低库存已经可见，却无人负责应对
模板

导入数据前，先统一身份和控制字段

仅有干净的物料清单还不够。实验室用户通常选择的是可用供应商批号，而不是抽象的目录物料。应明确哪些字段属于物料、批次、存储位置和每项交易。

最适合开始使用的模板附有可用示例的库存指南

使用包含完整数据的 Jodoo 视图，检验指南中介绍的记录设计、库存状态、交易和管理问题。

样品接收登记表模板与应用样品接收登记表模板与应用下载实用的实验室样品接收登记表，并查看用于管理接收状况、存储、接受决定、工作和异常的 Jodoo 应用。样品追踪模板与可用应用样品追踪模板与可用应用下载实用的样品追踪电子表格，并查看用于管理位置、保管、任务、异常、审核和处置的 Jodoo 应用。
常见问题

实验室库存问题

应追踪物料还是批次？

当供应商批号、有效期、开封日期、证书、存储、使用限制或使用历史可能不同时，两者都要追踪。物料提供稳定的目录身份，批次则是实际可用的运营库存记录。

实验室库存应多久审核一次？

审核频率应与使用量、到期风险、存储风险、补货交货期和工作中断成本相匹配。许多团队会结合交易时即时更新、每周风险审核和定期实物核对。

导入电子表格前应清理什么？

清理重复物料编码、不一致单位、缺失批次号、无效日期、过时位置、含糊的可用状态、无法解释的余额和负责人姓名。只有用户仍需要时才保留旧标识。

一个 Jodoo 应用可以同时管理库存和样品吗？

可以。关联表单可将批次和交易连接到样品或任务。各类记录仍应适当分开，让库存负责人和实验室人员能够维护各自内容，避免相互覆盖。

什么时候应该告别电子表格？

当多人更新文件、各批次需要独立历史、提醒或权限变得重要、交易必须关联工作、异常需要审核，或经理需要无需手动汇总即可查看可靠现状时，就应迁移。

下一步

使用可运行的库存示例验证你的设计选择

对照指南查看包含完整数据的批次、变动、样品和风险视图。保留适用部分，删除不适用内容，并由真实负责人结合实际异常试运行该模型。

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